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Name of Organization |
Jamiat ul-Ansar (JuA)/ harkat ul mujahedin (HuM) |
Formation |
Formerly known as Harkat-ul-mujahedin (HuM), in 2001
changed its name as Jamiat ul-Ansar (JuA) amid the
sanctions on HuM, by Pakistani government. But in 2003,
Jamiat ul-Ansar (JuA ) was also banned.
Originally it was founded in 1985, in central Punjab
with the name Harakat-ul-Mujahidin (HuM). |
Leadership |
Leaders:
1)
Fazlur Rehman Khalil (1989 to 2000): he was the
leader of HuM. He was also believed to be one of the
commanders of Harakat ul-Ansar (HuA). He had strong
links with Osama bin Laden. He left HuM in 2000. He was
a student of Binori madrassa in Karachi, and was
involved in Jihad against Soviet Union during
Soviet-Afghan War. He played his role as a coordinator
between Benazir Bhutto Regime and Taliban Administration
in Afghanistan during early 1990s. Khalil guided many
fighters to fight against the US after the US invasion
of Afghanistan in late 2001. He Returned to Pakistan in
2002 after the fall of Taliban regime. Since then he has
been hiding from US’ as he is accused of harbouring
terrorist activities.
Fazlur Rehman
Khalil (1989 to 2000)
2)
Maulana Saadatullah Khan (1997 to present): khan
was a leader of Harakat ul-Ansar (HuA), but after the
breakdown of HuA, it is assumed that he has been given
the role of top commander of HuM in Kashmir.
3)
Farooq Kashmiri (2000 to Present): After Khalil
step down from HuM leadership Farooq Kashmiri became the
commander. But these reports cannot be confirmed. |
School of thought/ Classification |
Sunni
Deobandi
/Nationalist/Separatist, Religious |
Ideology |
JuA/HuM is a terrorist, separatists’ organization; they
are fighting to separate the occupied Kashmir from
India. They are also part of Global Jihadist movement
and have strong links with other terrorist organizations
Like
Al-Qaeda.
They are involved in terrorist activities and fostering
terrorism against the US, West and secular regime of
Muslim countries. It is evident from the fact that their
Leader, Maulana Fazlur Rehman Khalil’ was a signatory to
the Fatwa issued by Osama bin Laden of Waging Jihad
against The US in 1998. |
Status |
Banned but active, the group was first proscribed by the
US in 1997 amid its relation with AL-Qaeda, they changed
their name to Harakat-ul-Ansar (HuA). After 9/11 the
group was banned again by the US and Pakistani
authorities alike. This time they again changed their
name to escape the embargo and release of freeze assets
in 2003, they started working under the name of
Jamiat-ul-Ansar (JuA), they were shortly banned then
after. |
Framework |
Unknown. |
Financial resources
|
JuA/HuM collects donations from
Pakistani and Kashmiri people, and is also involved in
legal businesses.They
are also funded by sympathizers from Saudi Arabia and
other Gulf and Islamic countries. |
Recruitment tools & demographics |
Most of the members of JuA/HuM are from Pakistan,
Afghanistan and Indian occupied Jammu&Kashmir. But they
also recruit militants from different other regions of
the world like South-East Asia, Europe and US. |
Connections & linkages |
JuA/HuM has links with other
terrorist groups like Hizb-ul-Mujahideen,
Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, Jaish-e-Muhammad, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
and Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan and Al-Qaeda and has
extended its support to them to fight in Afghanistan,
Kashmir and Pakistan. |
Areas of Operation |
Pakistan, India, Kashmir, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, UK
and Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1990s.
|
Tools |
Magazines, pamphlets and web,
|
Name Variations |
Also known as: Al-Faran, Al-Hadid, Al-Hadith, Harakat
ul-Ansar, Harakat ul-Mujahideen; Harakat ul-Mujahidin. |
Who they are
The group HuM/JuA was initially involved in Afghan Jihad during
soviet-Afghan war in 1980s. After the end of Jihad they directed
their weapons towards Indian occupied Kashmir and they seek to
separate the Indian occupied Kashmir from India, and its
accession into Pakistan to found an Islamic state. They are also
fighting and wagging Jihad against secular regimes in Islamic
states and are part of global jihadist movement having links
with many other terrorist organizations.’
History
Formerly known as Harkat ul mujahedin (HuM), changed its name in
2003, as Jamiat ul-Ansar (JuA), amid the sanctions on HuM by
Pakistani government. But in 2003 JuA was also banned. The group
harkat ul mujahedin (HUM) was founded in 1985 in central Punjab,
Pakistan’ as a faction group Harakat ul-Jihad Islami (HuJI), an
anti Soviet jihadist organization based in Afghanistan.
According to “Australian National Security” HuM of splinter from
Harakat ul-Jihad Islami (HuJI), in 1991, But according to
STANFORD UNIVERSITY, “MAPPING MILITANT ORGANIZATIONS” HuM split
from HuJI in 1985. Soon after the end of Afghan Jihad against
Soviet Union, Khalil’ the leader HuM decided to divert its
attention Indian Occupied Kashmir. While in 1993, HuM and
Harakat ul-Jihad Islami (HuJI), reunited to found Harakat
ul-Ansar (HuA). HuA was proscribed in 1997 by US on reports of
its links with Al-Qaeda. They changed their name again to HuM to
shelter itself from the ramifications of proscription. After
9/11 HuM was proscribed both by US and Pakistan, again the group
changed its name to Jamiat ul-Ansar (JuA). It was banned again
shortly after they changed their name in 2003.’
Organization’s Message
They want to separate Indian occupied Kashmir from India and
merged it with Pakistan to form a new Islamic state.
Target Audience
The target audience include young people from Pakistan and
Kashmir between 18-25 age groups, mostly less educated and
unemployed.
And radicalized youth from different regions of the world like
South-East Asia, Europe and United states.
Tools
Magazines, pamphlets and web,
Splinter Groups
Jaish-e-Mohammad
Aliases: Army of Mohammed, Army of the Prophet, Mohammed,
Jaish-e-Mohammad (Muhammed), Jaish-e-Mohammad Mujahideen
E-Tanzeem, Jaish-i-Mohammed (Mohammad, Muhammad, Muhammed),
Jeish-e-Mahammed, Mohammed's Army, National Movement for the
Restoration of Pakistani Sovereignty and Army of the Prophet,
Tehrik Ul-Furqaan.
Annexure
Deobandi
Deobandis are a significant group of Muslims present in the sub
continent who adhere to the Sunni sect of Islam and follow the
ideology of Imam Abu Hanifa. The school of thought is named
after the University of Deoband Dar ul Aloom in India. They
believe in safeguarding the teachings of Islam, while spreading
the religion through preaching.
Al Qaeda
Al Qaeda is an international terrorist network founded by Osama
Bin Laden in 1988. Al Qaeda helped in recruiting, financing and
training thousands of fighters from different parts of the world
to be part of an Afghan resistance to defeat the Soviet Union.
Al Qaeda’s goal is to establish Islamic Caliphate throughout the
world by working with Islamic extremist groups to overthrow
regimes they consider to be non Islamic. Al Qaeda’s activities
include bombing, assassination, hijacking, kidnapping and
suicide attacks. Al Qaeda is responsible for the attacks on the
US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania in
1998 and also the hijacking attacks on the World Trade Center
and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001.
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