Name of Organization		TEHREEK-E-NIFAZ-E-SHARIAT-E-MUHAMMADI(TNSM)
Formation		Established-1994 Base - Malakand Dir Aim- To enforce Sharia law through Judicial reforms in the Malakand Division of Pakistan, a region including Swat valley [1]. They are against the government’s policies. According to TNSM local tribal leaders and other religious-political parties in Pakistan are following western democracy. TNSM wants to impose Islamic judicial system in Pakistan.
Leadership		Founder-Sufi Muhammad  Sufi Muhammad, Founder TNSM He belongs to Maidan a small town of lower Dir. 1980s-He was an active member of Jamaat-e-Islami in 1980’s, which he quit in 1992. He inspired thousands of people to fight in Afghanistan. 1994-2009-He remained the leader of TNSM, until his incarceration. 2009-Maulana Fazl Ullah became leader of TNSM in 2009 when Sufi Muhammad was imprisoned after the organization was declared banned. Sufi Muhammad is the father-in-law of Mulana Fazlullah who was earlier the member of Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government and TNSM have agreed on the implementation of Sharia law in Malakand, a region which covers one third of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa including Swat valley. Current leader - Maulana Fazullah is the current leader of TNSM, he is also known as Mullah radio or Mullah FM. He used illegal radio broadcast to spread the organization’s message. In Nov 2013 after the death of Hakim Ullah Mehsud he was elected as the chief of Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan. Prominent leaders-Maulana Faqir Mohammed and Maulana Liaqaut were prominent leaders of TNSM.
School of Thought		Sunni. They want to impose Sharia law. The Tehrik-e Nefaz-e Shariat-e Mohammadi (TNSM) is a Sunni terrorist group that is active in the Tribal areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Organization’s ideology is similar to Taliban, as they want to impose Sharia law [2].
Structure of the Organization		As per Pakistan Journal of History and Culture the organization had strength of around 10000 personnel in 2001. According to New York Times in 2004 their strength was about 4000 [3].
Financial Resources		They have multiple financial resources including:  Maulana Fazl Ullah’s money gathered from mosques and madrassahs in local villages.  They get the support of local people through Maulana’s illegal radio broadcast.  It is reported that they are also involved in some criminal venture such as smuggling and trafficking.  It had been reported that before 2009, he controlled Swat Valley’s emerald mines and was earning about a third of the profits from these mines.  In the past, TNSM benefitted from Saudi and Gulf State support. They are also involved in timber business without any restriction from the government.
Status		Proscribed The outfit was proscribed by the Pakistani government on January 12, 2002.
Recruitment tools & demographics		They target their audience through:  Illegal radio broadcasts,  Recruitment bases and  Through like-minded mosques and other religious institutions.  With the collaboration of Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) the organization expanded its activities.
Ideology		Enforce Sharia law The organization’s aim was to enforce Sharia law through Judicial reforms in the Malakand Division of Pakistan, a region including Swat valley. According to their leader, whoever opposes obligations of Sharia is wajib-ul-qatl (worthy of death). They want to enforce Islamic judicial system. TNSM is against all religio-political parties.
Areas of Operation		 Swat Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,  Bajaur,  Malakand Agency and  Darail Tangeer Agency in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) are considered the stronghold of TNSM.
Linkages		TNSM’s ideology is aligned with Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan (TTP). It is reported that in Malakand division and tribal areas TNSM and Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) are in conflict. Affiliated-They are strongly affiliated with Afghan Taliban leader, Mullah Omar. Mullah Fazl Ullah is son-in-law of Sufi Muhammad. TNSM actively fought together with the Taliban against the US and Northern Alliance forces in Afghanistan.
Tools		Unknown
		Audio / Video: Unknown  Social Media: Unknown  Facebook: Unknown
web site		Not Available
Name Variations		Following are the different name variations of TNSM:  Black Turbans;  Movement for the Enforcement of Islamic Law;  Movement for the Enforcement of Mohammad’s Laws;  Tanzeem-e Nifaz-e Shariat-e Mohammadi;  Tehreek-e Nafaz-e Shariat-e Mohammadi;  Tehrik Nifaz-e Shariat Mohammadi andTNSM.
Who they are Tribal Sunni Militant outfit. Tehrik-e Nifaz-e Shariat-e Muhammadi is a tribal Sunni militant outfit which announced to enforce Sharia in Malakand region and Bajaur Agency. This was recognized under “ Nizam-e-Adal Regulation” 2009. The KPK govrnment agreed with TNSM for enforcment of Shariat-i Muhammadi in accordance with Quran, Sunnah, Ijma and Qias. TNSM signed a peace treaty with the government of KPK but unfortunately did not abide by it resulting in a military operation and the arrest of Sufi Muhammad. Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan agreed with TNSM with regarding this agrement [4]. History TNSM is a movement to enforce Islamic sharia in Malakand. 1989-This demand was put by a Pro-Taliban cleric Sufi Muhammad in 1989 under the umbrella of Tehrik-e Nifaz-e Shariat-e Muhammadi (TNSM). It was established when Sufi Muhammad separated from Jamat-e Islami in 1998, TNSM reached peak during 1990s, then in 1994 after the 'Tor Patkai' i.e. black turban movement. TNSM’s demands were accepted in December, 1994. As a result Nizam-e Shariat Regulation was enforced in the Malakand division. Later in 1999 it was enforced in Swat and the rest of Malakand division and Kohistan after some amendments in Nazam e Shariat Audience 1999. TNSM has strong linkages with Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan. Their members fought with US forces in Afghanistan [5]. Sufi Muhammad’s son in law, Fazl Ullah (AKA Mullah Radio) emerged as a militant leader in Swat. From an illegal FM radio station he preached anti government Islamic revolution. Military operation-In 2007 Pakistan military launched operation to retake Swat. During the same year Fazl Ullah merged TNSM with Baitullah Mehsud (TTP)[6]. Organization's Message The organization’s aim is to establish Sharia. They are against democracy and pluralism [7]. TNSM is against all religio-political parties according to them these parties are following the western democracy. They want to enforce Islamic Sharia and Islamic judicial system. Target Audience Their target audience includes people from:  Swat,  Malakand agency,  Bajuar agency and  Some parts of Kohistan. Tools TNSM established 3 radio stations near Bajuar. Their leaders use illegal radio broadcast for spreading religious and anti-government speeches and messages [8].    Splinter Groups N/A